Linux\u548cUNIX\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u5bf9\u6e90 \u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u884c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5546\u4e1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u524d\u8005\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u540e\u8005\u5374\u53ea\u80fd\u53bb\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u9002\u5e94\uff1b\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u5728 \u524d\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u4e2d,\u800c\u540e\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u7bb1\u4e4b\u4e2d,\u53ea\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u539f\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
Linux \u7684\u6e90\u5934\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684UNIX\u30021969\u5e74\uff0cBell\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684Ken Thompson\u5f00\u59cb\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u95f2\u7f6e\u7684 PDP-7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\uff0cDennis Richie\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u6700\u65e9\u7684UNIX\u3002Richie\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u65e9\u7684\u9879\u76ee--MULTICS\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u5c06\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u540d\u4e3a Unix\u3002\u65e9\u671fUNIX\u662f\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00C\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u3002C\u662fRichie\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bed\u8a00\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u5199\uff0cUnix\u5f97\u4ee5\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 DEC PDP-11\/45\u4e0e11\/70\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u3002Unix\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf \u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5382\u5546\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u81ea\u6709\u7248\u672c\u7684Unix.<\/p>\n
Linux\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u9700\u6c42\u3002Linus Torvalds,Linux\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u6240\u4e70\u5f97\u8d77\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662fMinix. Minix\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3cUnix\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Linus \u5bf9Minix\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u719f\u6089\u7684Unix\u4f5c\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\uff0c \u5728\u4e00\u53f0Intel 386 PC\u4e0a\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u53d7\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u9f13\u821e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fd9\u9879\u6210\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8fde\u7f51\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u5b66\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5206\u53d1\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53 \u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\uff0c Linux\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662fLinux\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ecUnix\u6e90\u7801\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6309\u7167\u516c\u5f00\u7684POSIX\u6807\u51c6\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002Linux\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7531\u9ebb\u7701\u5251 \u6865\u514d\u8d39\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u7684GNU\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6Linux\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u6784\u9020\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u5927\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09 UNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u5927\u591a\u662f\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u5957\u7684\uff0c\u800cLinux\u5219\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a.<\/p>\n
2\uff09 UNIX\u662f\u5546\u4e1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u800cLinux\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684.<\/p>\n
UNIX(5\u4e07\u7f8e\u5706)\u800cLinux\u514d\u8d39<\/p>\n
[\u5386\u53f2]<\/p>\n
Unix\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e45\u4e8elinux. Linux\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6e90\u4e8eUnix<\/p>\n
[\u4ea7\u54c1]<\/p>\n
unix\u548clinux\u90fd\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0e\u4f46unix\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u9664\u4e86\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u79f0\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5546\u6807\u5f52SCO\u6240\u6709\uff0e<\/p>\n
Linux\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u6709RedHat Linux \u3001SuSe Linux\u3001slakeware Linux\u3001\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u7ea2\u65d7\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709Turbo Linux.<\/p>\n
Unix\u4e3b\u8981\u6709Sun \u7684Solaris\u3001IBM \u7684AIX,\u3000HP\u7684HP-UX\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cax86\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7684SCO Unix\/Unixware<\/p>\n
[\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u522b]<\/p>\n
linux\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0e<\/p>\n
\u800cunix\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5e76\u4e0d\u516c\u5f00<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\uff0clinux\u6bd4unix\u8981\u4f4e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709unix\u90a3\u4e48\u82db\u523b\uff0e\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0alinux\u6bd4unix\u5bb9\u6613\u638c\u63e1\uff0e<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\uff0clinux\u76f8\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709unix\u90a3\u4e48\u590d\u6742\uff0e<\/p>\n
Unix\u591a\u6570\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u5382\u5546\u9488\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0eCPU\u7b49\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5982Sun \u7684Solaris\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5546\u7528\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u5176\u4f7f\u7528SPARC\/SPARCII\u7684CPU\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136Solaris\u4e5f\u6709x86\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u800cLinux\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u4e8eRISC\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u786e\u5207\u7684\u8bb2\uff0c\u62ffRISC\u4e0a\u7684Unix\u4e0ex86\u4e0a\u7684Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u592a\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81f3\u4e8e\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Linux\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7b97\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Linux\u53d1\u884c\u5382\u5546\u9488\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5982RedHat\u7684Enterprise\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u8d35\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u50cfIBM\/HP\/SUN\u7684Unix\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5176\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4ef7\u683c\u4e2d\u3002(\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5355\u72ec\u53bb\u4e70\u4e00\u4e2aUnix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684)<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\uff0clinux\u6ca1\u6709unix\u90a3\u4e48\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5c0f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u7ef0\u7ef0\u6709\u4f59\uff0e<\/p>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230Unix\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u7535\u4fe1\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u673a\u578b\u7684Unix\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7535\u4fe1\u91ccSUN\u7684\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u6c11\u822a\u91ccHP\u7684\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u94f6\u884c\u91ccIBM\u7684\u5c45\u591a\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Unix\u547d\u4ee4\u96c6\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u8fd8\u662flinux\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u5b66\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u73b0\u5728\u559c\u6b22\u548c<\/p>\n
\u9f13\u6363linux\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u6709\u5173linux\u7684\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u5f88\u591a\uff0e\u5982\u679c\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u90a3Linux\u6216\u662fBSD\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4e00\u53f0x86\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u662f\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u5373\u53ef.<\/p>\n
UNIX\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5168\u9762\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4ece\u5de8\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5230\u666e\u901aPC\u673a\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u9762\u6700\u5e7f\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
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