Debian\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4
\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6xxx\u5b89\u88c5\u5185\u5bb9
dpkg -L xxx <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u8f6f\u4ef6
apt-cache search \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u5305
dpkg -S filename
apt-file search filename <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u8f6f\u4ef6xxx\u4f9d\u8d56\u54ea\u4e9b\u5305
apt-cache depends xxx <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u8f6f\u4ef6xxx\u88ab\u54ea\u4e9b\u5305\u4f9d\u8d56
apt-cache rdepends xxx <\/p>\n
\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u76d8\u6e90
apt-cdrom add <\/p>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade <\/p>\n
\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5220\u9664\u5305\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk ''{print $2}'' |tr [\"\\n\"] [\" \"]|sudo xargs dpkg -P - <\/p>\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u7f3a\u5c11h\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406
auto-apt run .\/configure <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5305\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55
ls \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives <\/p>\n
\u5907\u4efd\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5305\u7684\u5217\u8868
dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall > ~\/somefile <\/p>\n
\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u6240\u6709\u5305
dpkg --set-selections < ~\/somefile
dselect <\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7406\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58
apt-get autoclean <\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58
apt-get clean <\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u8f6f\u4ef6
apt-get autoremove <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5305\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5730\u5740
apt-get -qq --print-uris install ssh | cut -d\\'' -f2 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838
uname -a <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6a21\u5757
lsmod <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bPCI\u8bbe\u5907
lspci <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bUSB\u8bbe\u5907
lsusb <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u72b6\u6001
ethtool eth0 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bCPU\u4fe1\u606f
cat \/proc\/cpuinfo <\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f
lshw <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u5206\u533a
fdisk -l <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bIDE\u786c\u76d8\u4fe1\u606f
hdparm -i \/dev\/hda <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bSTAT\u786c\u76d8\u4fe1\u606f
hdparm -I \/dev\/sda
\u6216
apt-get install blktool
blktool \/dev\/sda id <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4
df -h
df -H <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4
du -hs \u76ee\u5f55\u540d <\/p>\n
\u4f18\u76d8\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5378\u8f7d
sync
fuser -km \/media\/usbdisk <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
free -m <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b
ps -aux <\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b
kill \u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7
\u6216 killall \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d <\/p>\n
\u5f3a\u5236\u4e2d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b
kill -9 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7
\u6216 killall -9 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u51b5
top <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6
lsof -p <\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e ADSL
pppoeconf <\/p>\n
ADSL\u624b\u5de5\u62e8\u53f7
pon dsl-provider <\/p>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b ADSL
\/etc\/ppp\/pppoe_on_boot <\/p>\n
\u65ad\u5f00 ADSL
poff <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u62e8\u53f7\u65e5\u5fd7
plog <\/p>\n
\u6839\u636eIP\u67e5\u7f51\u5361\u5730\u5740
arping IP\u5730\u5740 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dIP\u5730\u5740
ifconfig eth0 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76d1\u542c80\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f
lsof -i :80 <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740
arp -a | awk ''{print $4}''
ifconfig eth0 | head -1 | awk ''{print $5}'' <\/p>\n
\u7acb\u5373\u8ba9\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6301nat
echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE <\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f
netstat -rn
route -n <\/p>\n
\u624b\u5de5\u589e\u52a0\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531
route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.16.0.1
route del -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.16.0.1 <\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u5361MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
ifconfig eth0 down #\u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u5361
ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:AA:BB:CCD:EE #\u7136\u540e\u6539\u5730\u5740
ifconfig eth0 up #\u7136\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u7f51\u5361 <\/p>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524dIP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e2a\u6570
netstat -na|grep ESTABLISHED|awk ''{print $5}''|awk -F: ''{print $1}''|sort|uniq -c|sort -r -n
netstat -na|grep SYN|awk ''{print $5}''|awk -F: ''{print $1}''|sort|uniq -c|sort -r -n <\/p>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d20000\u4e2aIP\u5305\u4e2d\u5927\u4e8e100\u4e2aIP\u5305\u7684IP\u5730\u5740
tcpdump -tnn -c 20000 -i eth0 | awk -F \".\" ''{print $1\".\"$2\".\"$3\".\"$4}'' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | awk '' $1 > 100 '' <\/p>\n
\u5c4f\u853dIPV6
echo \"blacklist ipv6\" | tee \/etc\/modprobe.d\/blacklist-ipv6 <\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1
update-rc.d \u670d\u52a1\u540d defaults 99 <\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1
update-rc.d \u670d\u52a1\u540d remove <\/p>\n
\u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1
\/etc\/init.d\/\u670d\u52a1\u540d restart <\/p>\n
\u4e34\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1
\/etc\/init.d\/\u670d\u52a1\u540d stop <\/p>\n
\u4e34\u65f6\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1
\/etc\/init.d\/\u670d\u52a1\u540d start <\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4Java\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a
update-alternatives --config java <\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u8d44\u6599
chfn userid <\/p>\n
\u7ed9apt\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7406 \u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f \u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7531GBK\u4e3aUTF8 \u6279\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362src\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7531GBK\u5230UTF8 \u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7531GBK\u5230UTF8 \u8f6c\u6362 mp3 \u6807\u7b7e\u7f16\u7801 \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e0b\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u6587 \u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b \u663e\u793axxx\u6587\u4ef6\u5012\u65706\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u8ba9tail\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u8bfb\u5730\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u884c ( \u542b ) \u5230\u7b2c 10 \u884c ( \u542b ) \u7684\u5185\u5bb9 \u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542bxxx\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u627e\u5173\u4e8exxx\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 \u901a\u8fc7ssh\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199 \u628a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u8f8d\u7531rm\u6539\u4e3armvb \u628a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5199\u6539\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199 \u5220\u9664\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a--help.txt \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55 \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6700\u8fd130\u5929\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7back\u76ee\u5f55 \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6700\u8fd12\u5c0f\u65f6\u52308\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u5185\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765 \u5220\u9664\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u572830\u5929\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u627eguest\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4ee5avi\u6216\u8005rm\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u6389 \u67e5\u627e\u7684\u4e0d\u4ee5java\u548cxml\u7ed3\u5c3e,\u5e767\u5929\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u6389 \u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2a\u6570 \u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2a\u6570 \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b2006-01-01\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u89e3\u538b\u7f29 xxx.tar.gz \u89e3\u538b\u7f29 xxx.tar.bz2 \u538b\u7f29aaa bbb\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3axxx.tar.gz \u538b\u7f29aaa bbb\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3axxx.tar.bz2 \u7279\u6b8a URI \u5730\u5740 \u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4fe1\u606f \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u671f \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4 \u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165CMOS \u8bfb\u53d6CMOS\u65f6\u95f4 \u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4 \u4ecemysql\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e \u5fd8\u4e86mysql\u7684root\u53e3\u4ee4\u600e\u4e48\u529e \u4fee\u6539mysql\u7684root\u53e3\u4ee4 Debian\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6xxx\u5b89\u88c5\u5185\u5bb9dpkg -L xxx \u67e5\u627e\u8f6f\u4ef6apt-cache search \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u5305dpkg -S filenameapt-file search...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-debian"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
export http_proxy=http:\/\/xx.xx.xx.xx:xxx<\/a> <\/p>\n
vi \/etc\/motd <\/p>\n
apt-get install convmv
convmv -r -f cp936 -t utf8 --notest --nosmart * <\/p>\n
find src -type d -exec mkdir -p utf8\/{} \\;
find src -type f -exec iconv -f GBK -t UTF-8 {} -o utf8\/{} \\;
mv utf8\/* src
rm -fr utf8 <\/p>\n
iconv -f gbk -t utf8 $i > newfile <\/p>\n
apt-get install python-mutagen
find . -iname \u201c*.mp3\u201d -execdir mid3iconv -e GBK {} \\; <\/p>\n
apt-get install zhcon
\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165zhcon\u5373\u53ef <\/p>\n
whereis filename
find \u76ee\u5f55 -name \u6587\u4ef6\u540d <\/p>\n
file filename <\/p>\n
tail -n 6 xxx <\/p>\n
tail -n 10 -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log <\/p>\n
sed -n ''5,10p'' \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log <\/p>\n
grep -l -r xxx . <\/p>\n
apropos xxx
man -k xxx <\/p>\n
scp -rp \/path\/filename username@remoteIP:\/path #\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a
scp -rp username@remoteIP:\/path\/filename \/path #\u5c06\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730 <\/p>\n
lsof \u6587\u4ef6\u540d <\/p>\n
rename ''s\/.rm$\/.rmvb\/'' * <\/p>\n
rename ''tr\/A-Z\/a-z\/'' * <\/p>\n
rm -- --help.txt \u6216\u8005 rm .\/--help.txt <\/p>\n
ls -d *\/. \u6216 echo *\/. <\/p>\n
find . -type f -atime -30 -exec mv {} ..\/back \\; <\/p>\n
find . -mmin +120 -mmin -480 -exec more {} \\; <\/p>\n
find . -type f -mtime +30 -mtime -3600 -exec rm {} \\; <\/p>\n
find . -name ''*.avi'' -o -name ''*.rm'' -user ''guest'' -exec rm {} \\; <\/p>\n
find . ! -name *.java ! -name \u2018*.xml\u2019 -atime +7 -exec rm {} \\; <\/p>\n
ls \/usr\/bin|wc -w <\/p>\n
ls -l \/usr\/bin|grep ^d|wc -l <\/p>\n
ls -l |grep 2006-01-01 |awk ''{print $8}'' <\/p>\n
tar -zxvf xxx.tar.gz <\/p>\n
tar -jxvf xxx.tar.bz2 <\/p>\n
tar -zcvf xxx.tar.gz aaa bbb <\/p>\n
tar -jcvf xxx.tar.bz2 aaa bbb <\/p>\n
* computer:\/\/\/ - \u5168\u90e8\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7f51\u7edc
* network:\/\/\/ - \u6d4f\u89c8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc
* burn:\/\/\/ - \u4e00\u4e2a\u523b\u5f55 CDs\/DVDs \u7684\u6570\u636e\u865a\u62df\u76ee\u5f55
* smb:\/\/\/ - \u53ef\u7528\u7684 windows\/samba \u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90
* x-nautilus-desktop:\/\/\/ - \u684c\u9762\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u56fe\u6807
* file:\/\/\/ - \u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6
* trash:\/\/\/ - \u672c\u5730\u56de\u6536\u7ad9\u76ee\u5f55
* ftp:\/\/ -<\/a> FTP \u6587\u4ef6\u5939
* ssh:\/\/ - SSH \u6587\u4ef6\u5939
* fonts:\/\/\/ - \u5b57\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u5b57\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u62d6\u5230\u6b64\u5904\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5 * themes:\/\/\/ - \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u9898\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 <\/p>\n
strace -f -F -o outfile <cmd> <\/p>\n
date -s mm\/dd\/yy <\/p>\n
date -s HH:MM <\/p>\n
hwclock --systohc <\/p>\n
hwclock --hctosys <\/p>\n
ntpdate time.nist.gov
ntpdate time.windows.com <\/p>\n
mysqldump \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d > \u6587\u4ef6\u540d #\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5e93mysqladmin create \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d #\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93
mysql \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d < \u6587\u4ef6\u540d #\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93 <\/p>\n
\/etc\/init.d\/mysql stop
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
mysqladmin -u user password ''newpassword''''
mysqladmin flush-privileges <\/p>\n
mysqladmin -uroot -p password ''\u4f60\u7684\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801''<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"