{"id":3274,"date":"2020-01-17T16:03:05","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T08:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=3274"},"modified":"2020-01-21T22:24:54","modified_gmt":"2020-01-21T14:24:54","slug":"ssh-%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=3274","title":{"rendered":"SSH\u9650\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>SSH (<code>OpenSSH<\/code>) \u63d0\u4f9b\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u6709\u6709\u6548\u7684 AIX\u00ae \u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u6ce8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002SSH \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff1aDeny \u548c Allow \u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u963b\u6b62\u6765\u81ea\u5df2\u77e5\u6216\u672a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u6309\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\/\u57df\u6216 IP \u963b\u6b62\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\/\u7ec4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5b89\u88c5\u7684 SSH \u53d8\u4f53\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u627e\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c SSH \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code>AIX OpenSSH<\/code>\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5728 <code>\/etc\/ssh<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0cSSH (sshd) \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728 <code>\/usr\/sbin\/sshd<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6 OpenSSH \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5728 <code>\/usr\/local\/etc<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0cSSH (sshd) \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728 <code>\/usr\/local\/sbin\/sshd<\/code> \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\n\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u9650\u5236 SSH<\/h2>\n<p>TCP Wrappers \u7528\u4e8e\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece <code>inetd<\/code> \u542f\u52a8\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e TCP \u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>telnet<\/code> \u6216 <code>FTP<\/code> \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5219\uff0cSSH \u4e0d\u4ece <code>inetd<\/code> \u542f\u52a8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7 TCP Wrappers \u63a7\u5236 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a <code>libwrap.a<\/code> \u590d\u5236\u5230 <code>LIBPATH<\/code> \u6307\u5411\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f <code>\/usr\/local\/lib<\/code>\uff09\u3002TCP Wrappers \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f <code>tcpd<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u627e\u5230 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u60a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6076\u610f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u672a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5f3a\u529b\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u963b\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u963b\u6b62\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u963b\u6b62\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u5230\u8fbe\u7684 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TCP Wrappers (<code>tcpd<\/code>) \u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e94\u8be5\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd8\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u5230\u8fbe\u7684 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/etc\/hosts.allow\n\/etc\/hosts.deny\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u63a7\u5236\u62d2\u7edd\u6216\u5141\u8bb8\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u9996\u5148\u641c\u7d22 <code>hosts.allow<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c<code>tcpd<\/code> \u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8ba9\u771f\u6b63\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u7ba1\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728 <code>hosts.deny<\/code> \u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\uff0c<code>tcpd<\/code> \u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u6b64\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5148\u5e94\u7528 <code>hosts.allow<\/code> \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e94\u7528 <code>hosts.deny<\/code> \u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e86\u89e3 TCP Wrappers \u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e drwho.com \u57df\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># cat hosts.allow\nsshd : .drwho.com\n\n# cat hosts.deny\nALL : ALL\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7ec6\u5316\u524d\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea drwho.com \u57df\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u4e0b IP \u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4 <code>172.24.11., 172.24.12.<\/code>\uff08IP \u5730\u5740\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u70b9\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u8981\u5339\u914d\u70b9\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7531\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code># cat hosts.allow\nsshd: .drwho.com , 172.24.11. , 172.24.12.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5141\u8bb8\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u9664\u5916\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5f00\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fde\u63a5\u5b83\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u524d\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3b\u673a\u9664\u5916\uff1a<code>dev01<\/code> \u548c <code>dev02<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code># cat hosts.allow\nsshd: .drwho.com , 172.24.11. , 172.24.12. , EXCEPT dev01, dev02\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 <code>hosts.allow<\/code> \u6216 <code>hosts.deny<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>username@hostname<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>dxtans@dev01\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b FQDN\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u67e5\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b TCP Wrappers \u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u4fee\u6539 <code>hosts.allow<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e <code>username@host<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u7528 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u53ea\u4e3a <code>telnet<\/code>\u3001<code>FTP<\/code> \u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e TCP \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u673a\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ea\u7528 <code>ssh_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a SSH \u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\/\u7ec4\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7 <code>syslog<\/code> \u628a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728 <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5728 <code>\/etc\/syslogd.conf<\/code> \u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>*.info \/var\/adm\/messages\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216<\/p>\n<pre><code>*.auth \/var\/adm\/messages\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 <code>syslogd<\/code>\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># refresh -s syslogd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6761\u76ee\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7528\u6237 dxtans \u6765\u81ea\u5c5e\u4e8e drwho.com \u57df\u7684\u4e3b\u673a tardis\uff09\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>May 25 19:04:46 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[245928]: Accepted password for dx``tans from tardis port 49371 ssh2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u4e86 <code>hosts.allow<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u673a dev01 \u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5176\u6d88\u606f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>May 25 19:11:12 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[270484]: refused connect from dev01\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\n\u7528 sshd_config \u9650\u5236\u8fde\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowUsers\nAllowGroups\nDenyUsers\nDenyGroups\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u53ea\u521b\u5efa\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002AllowUsers \u548c DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u662f\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0cAllowGroups \u548c DenyGroups \u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7ec4\u3002\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b21\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<code>DenyUsers,AllowUsers,DenyGroups,AllowGroups<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u8981\u5230\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 <code>sshd<\/code> \u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># stopsrc -s sshd\n# startsrc -s sshd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237 ID\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u62d2\u7edd DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u8868\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u8ba9\u4eba\u8ff7\u60d1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u8868\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u5217\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6237 ID\uff0c\u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowUsers bravo charlie mother oscar delta echoa hotel juliet papa ukflag\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237 alpha \u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f1a\u906d\u5230\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>login as: alpha\nalpha@rs6000's password:\nAccess denied\nalpha@rs6000's password:\nAccess denied\nalpha@rs6000's password:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8868\u660e\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5217\u51fa\u7528\u6237 alpha\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>Jun 22 18:43:41 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[270552]: User alpha from tardis \nnot allowed because not listed in AllowUsers\nJun 22 18:43:41 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[270552]: Failed none for invalid\nuser alpha from tardis port 49617 ssh2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u770b DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>DenyUsers bravo charlie mother oscar delta echoa hotel juliet papa ukflag\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6ca1\u6709\u5728 DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237 alpha \u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5141\u8bb8\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u542b\u5728 DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Jun 22 18:52:48 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[250040]: Accepted password for \nalpha from tardis port 49634 ssh2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u7528\u6237 bravo \u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f1a\u906d\u5230\u62d2\u7edd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>login as: bravo\nbravo@rs6000's password:\nAccess denied\nbravo@rs6000's password:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u67e5\u62d2\u7edd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Jun 22 18:54:03 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[245962]: User bravo from tardis \nnot allowed because listed in DenyUsers\nJun 22 18:54:03 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[245962]: Failed none for invalid\nuser bravo from tardis port 49635 ssh2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u62d2\u7edd\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff1b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0 DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u6216\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u770b\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowUsers alpha\nDenyUsers bravo charlie mother oscar delta echoa hotel juliet papa ukflag\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u6b21\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9 DenyUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u4e0d\u6388\u4e88\u4efb\u4f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237 alpha \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237 ID \u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u62d2\u7edd\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowGroups water\nDenyGroups nossh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>water \u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># lsgroup -a users water\nwater users=delta,echoa,golf,plutt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237 dxtans\uff08staff \u548c admin \u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code># id dxtans\nuid=203(dxtans) gid=1(staff) groups=205(admin)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5728 <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u4e2d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Jun 30 19:50:26 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[278732]: User dxtans from tardis\nnot allowed because none of user's groups are listed in AllowGroups\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a dxtans \u4e0d\u5728\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u62d2\u7edd\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a nossh \u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># lsgroup -a users nossh\nnossh users=golf,hotel,india,julie\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>DenyGroups nossh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e nossh \u7ec4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u5c5e\u4e8e nossh \u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237 golf \u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d88\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Jun 22 19:40:36 rs6000 auth|security:info sshd[278778]: User golf from tardis \nnot allowed because a group is listed in DenyGroups\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\n\u63a7\u5236 root \u8bbf\u95ee<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u76f4\u63a5 root SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u6700\u597d\u9650\u5236\u80fd\u591f\u4f5c\u4e3a root \u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236 root \u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u63a7\u5236\u8fdc\u7a0b root \u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7 sshd_conf \u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>root@<\/code> \u6216 <code>root@<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b SSH \u5728 <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u77ed\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8fd8\u662f\u957f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\u67e5\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u77ed\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8fd8\u662f\u957f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u53d1\u8d77 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u673a tardis\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8e drwho \u57df\uff09\u7684 root \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowUsers root@tardis root@tardis.drwho.com\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5217\u8868\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u8be5\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 root \u7528\u6237\uff08\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u548c SCP \u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\n\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n<p>\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u5217\u8868\u662f\u6709\u597d\u5904\u7684\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5fd8\u8bb0\u66f4\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u751f\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u5217\u8868\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u53ea\u751f\u6210\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4ec0\u4e48\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u5165 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u5462\uff1f\u5148\u8003\u8651\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5426\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b <code>rlogin\/telnet<\/code> (<code>rlogin=true<\/code>)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8003\u8651\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u6392\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e10\u6237\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 su \u6216 sudo \u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e10\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4ed8\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5141\u8bb8\uff08\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/cn\/aix\/library\/au-ssh_restrict\/index.html#list1\">\u6e05\u5355 1<\/a> \u6f14\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9996\u5148\u786e\u5b9a <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684 SSH \u7248\u672c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a <code>rlogin<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u4e3a true \u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec root \u7528\u6237\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6 \/tmp\/ssh_ignore \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 ssh_ignore \u6587\u4ef6\u8ba9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>user1\nuser2\nuser..\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u5e76\u4e0e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u65b0 <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b root@tardis \u7684\u77ed\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u957f\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ea\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u673a tardis \u7684 root \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5982\u679c <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 SSH \u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u77e5 <code>sshd_config<\/code> AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u811a\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728 AllowUsers \u5217\u8868\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5217\u8868\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>AllowUsers root@tardis root@tardis.drwho.com\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c root \u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u77ed\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u957f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u662f tardis\uff09\u3002\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u628a\u4e3b\u673a tardis \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u60a8\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bcf\u5929\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\n\u6e05\u5355 1. pop_user_allow_ssh<\/h5>\n<pre><code>#!\/bin\/sh\n#set -x \n# pop_user_allow_ssh\n# populate UserAllow entries in sshd_conf\n# if rlogin is true \n \nhost=$(hostname)\nlog=\/opt\/dump\/ssh_pop.log\n&gt;$log\n \nif [ -f \/usr\/local\/etc\/sshd_config ]\n  then\n   sshd_conf=&quot;\/usr\/local\/etc\/sshd_config&quot;\nfi\n  \nif [ -f \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config ]\n  then\n   sshd_conf=&quot;\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config&quot;\nfi\n \n \necho &quot; on ${host}: ssh config to use: [$sshd_conf]&quot; | tee -a $log\n \n# check if we need to run..any user adds\/deletes\npre=`grep -w ^AllowUsers $sshd_conf`\npre=$(echo $pre | sed s\/root@tardis.drwho.com\/\/g |sed \ns\/root@tardis\/\/g|sed s\/AllowUsers\/\/g)\ncurr=$(lsuser -a rlogin ALL |grep true| grep -v root| awk '{print $1}')\n \n# check for ignores - do NOT add to allow list\nif [ -f \/tmp\/ssh_ignore ]\n then\ncat \/tmp\/ssh_ignore|while read user\n do\n   new_curr=$(echo $curr | tr ' ' '\\n' | grep -v '^'$user'$' | tr '\\n' ' ')\n    echo &quot;[$user]&quot;\n   curr=$new_curr\n \n done\nfi\n   echo &quot;curr [$curr]&quot;\n  echo &quot;pre [$pre]&quot;\n \necho $curr &gt;\/tmp\/curr.txt\necho $pre &gt;\/tmp\/pre.txt\ndiff \/tmp\/curr.txt \/tmp\/pre.txt 2&gt;&amp;1\nif [ $? = 0 ]\n  then\n   echo &quot;no user adds\/deletes detected on system&quot;| tee -a $log\n   exit 0\n   else\n    echo &quot;changes detected..re-populating&quot; |tee -a $log\nfi\n \ncp $sshd_conf $sshd_conf.bak\n \nsed '\/AllowUsers\/d' $sshd_conf &gt;$sshd_conf.$$\necho &quot;AllowUsers root@tardis root@tardis.drwho.com&quot; $curr &gt;&gt;$sshd_conf.$$\nmv $sshd_conf.$$ $sshd_conf\nstopsrc -s sshd\nsleep 2\nstartsrc -s sshd\n \n# next determine change and  email out change\n&gt;\/tmp\/curr.txt2\n&gt;\/tmp\/pre.txt2\ncat \/tmp\/curr.txt|tr &quot; &quot; &quot;\\n&quot; |\n while read name\n do\n echo $name &gt;&gt;\/tmp\/curr.txt2\n done \n \n cat \/tmp\/pre.txt| tr &quot; &quot; &quot;\\n&quot; |\n while read name\n  do\n  echo $name &gt;&gt;\/tmp\/pre.txt2\n  done\n  \ndiff \/tmp\/pre.txt2 \/tmp\/curr.txt2 &gt;\/tmp\/allow_diff.txt\nchangelist=$(cat \/tmp\/allow_diff.txt | egrep &quot;&lt;|&gt;&quot; | sed 's\/[&lt;&gt;]\/\/g')\n \nlist=&quot;admins@drwho.com&quot;\n \n \nmail -s &quot;`hostname` allowed users sshd_config change&quot; $list &lt;&lt;mayday\nHost: `hostname`\nSSH: $sshd_conf\nThe following users have been either added or deleted in AllowUsers:\n \n$changelist\n \nmayday\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\n\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u542f\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u6d88\u606f\u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8be6\u7ec6\uff08v\uff09\u9009\u9879\uff0cv \u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u8d8a\u8be6\u7ec6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ssh -vv -l &lt;login&gt; &lt;hostname&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u505c\u6b62 <code>sshd<\/code> \u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e26\u8c03\u8bd5\u9009\u9879\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\u3002\u8c03\u8bd5\uff08d\uff09\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c<code>sshd<\/code> \u5c06\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u7136\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\uff08\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7 <code>startsrc<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># \/usr\/sbin\/sshd -dd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u660e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u673a\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8c03\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8 <code>sshd<\/code> \u7684\u5178\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># \/usr\/sbin\/sshd -dd\ndebug2: load_server_config: filename \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\ndebug2: load_server_config: done config len = 277\ndebug2: parse_server_config: config \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config len 277\ndebug1: sshd version OpenSSH_5.0p1\ndebug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA\ndebug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA\ndebug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA\ndebug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA\ndebug1: rexec_argv[0]='\/usr\/sbin\/sshd'\n\u2026..\ndebug2: parse_server_config: config reprocess config len 277\nUser bravo from rs6000 not allowed because listed in DenyUsers\ninput_userauth_request: invalid user bravo\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8 <code>sshd<\/code>\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u62a5\u544a <code>sshd<\/code> \u5728 <code>sshd_conf<\/code> \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528 <code>startsrc<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8 <code>sshd<\/code>\uff0c\u5728 <code>sshd_conf<\/code> \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728 <code>\/var\/adm\/messages<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u6700\u540e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code># \/usr\/sbin\/ssh -t\n# echo $?\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e SSH \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\n\u7ed3\u675f\u8bed<\/h2>\n<p>SSH \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 TCP Wrappers \u548c <code>sshd_config<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 Allow\/Deny \u5217\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb SSH (OpenSSH) \u63d0\u4f9b\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u6709\u6709\u6548\u7684 AIX\u00ae \u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u6ce8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc7 SSH&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ssh"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3274"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3277,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3274\/revisions\/3277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}