{"id":3969,"date":"2021-07-12T09:44:28","date_gmt":"2021-07-12T01:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=3969"},"modified":"2021-07-12T10:14:51","modified_gmt":"2021-07-12T02:14:51","slug":"%e6%97%a0%e8%81%8a%e5%92%8c%e4%b9%8f%e5%91%b3%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e6%98%af%e7%bd%aa%e6%81%b6-%e7%bc%a9%e5%86%99%e4%b9%a0%e6%83%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=3969","title":{"rendered":"\u65e0\u804a\u548c\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u7f6a\u6076-\u7f29\u5199\u4e60\u60ef"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u65e0\u804a\u548c\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u7f6a\u6076<\/p>\n

-- Eric S. Raymond<\/p>\n

\u6784\u5efa\u4e8e\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9f20\u6807\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c \u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u5199\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u5168\u79f0\u2026\u2026 \u70b9\u51fb\u4e24\u6b21\u9f20\u6807\u8fdb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 pf<\/code>\uff0c \u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u70b9\u51fb13\u6b21\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 Program Files<\/code><\/p>\n

\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982 Linux\uff0c\u53ea\u89813\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u8981\u7f29\u5199\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a cd<\/strong> \u547d\u4ee4\u662f Change Directory<\/code><\/strong> \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5168\u79f0 Change Directory<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u65e0\u804a\u548c\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5982<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
cd<\/th>\nChange Directory<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
dd<\/td>\nDisk Dump<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
df<\/td>\nDisk Free<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
du<\/td>\nDisk Usage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pwd<\/td>\nPrint Working Directory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ps<\/td>\nProcesses Status<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PS<\/td>\nPrompt Strings<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
su<\/td>\nSubstitute User<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rc<\/td>\nRun Command<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tcl<\/td>\nTool Command Language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cups<\/td>\nCommon Unix Printing System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
apt<\/td>\nAdvanced Packaging Tool<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bg<\/td>\nBackGround<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ping<\/td>\nPacket InterNet Grouper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5982\u679c\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u540e\u4e3a\u201ch\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4fdd\u7559<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
chsh<\/th>\nCHange SHell<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
chmod<\/td>\nCHange MODe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chown<\/td>\nCHange OWNer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chgrp<\/td>\nCHange GRouP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bash<\/td>\nBourne Again SHell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zsh<\/td>\nZ SHell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ksh<\/td>\nKorn SHell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ssh<\/td>\nSecure SHell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u9012\u5f52\u7f29\u5199[3<\/a>]\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
GNU<\/th>\nGNU's Not Unix<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
PHP<\/td>\nPHP: Hypertext Preprocessor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RPM<\/td>\nRPM Package Manager<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
WINE<\/td>\nWINE Is Not an Emulator<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PNG<\/td>\nPNG's Not GIF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nano<\/td>\nNano's ANOther editor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u7f29\u5199\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

rpm\nRPM Package Manager \nRedHat Package Manager\n\nbc\nBasic Calculator\nBetter Calculator  <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762 Emacs \u53ef\u8c13\u72ec\u9886\u98ce\u9a9a\uff1a<\/p>\n
Emacs  \nEditor MACroS\nEmacs Makes A Computer Slow\nEscape Meta Alt Control Shift\nEmacs Makers Are Crazy Sickos\nEmacs Makes All Computing Simple\nEmacs Makefiles Annihilate C-Shells\nEmacs Manuals Always Cause Senility\nEmacs May Allow Customized Screwups\nEmacs Manuals Are Cryptic and Surreal\nEventually Munches All Computer Storage\nEight Megabytes And Constantly Swapping\nElsewhere Maybe All Commands are Simple\nExcellent Manuals Are Clearly Suppressed\nEmacs May Alienate Clients and Supporters\nExcept by Middle Aged Computer Scientists\nExtended Macros Are Considered Superfluous\nEvery Mode Accelerates Creation of Software\nEach Manual's Audience is Completely Stupefied\nExceptionally Mediocre Algorithm for Computer Scientists\nEasily Maintained with the Assistance of Chemical Solutions\nEradication of Memory Accomplished with Complete Simplicity  <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u97f3\u8282\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
cp<\/th>\nCoPy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ln<\/td>\nLiNk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ls<\/td>\nLiSt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mv<\/td>\nMoVe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rm<\/td>\nReMove<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f29\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
bin<\/th>\nBINaries<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
dev<\/td>\nDEVices<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
etc<\/td>\nETCetera<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lib<\/td>\nLIBrary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
var<\/td>\nVARiable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
proc<\/td>\nPROCesses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sbin<\/td>\nSuperuser BINaries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tmp<\/td>\nTeMPorary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
usr<\/td>\nUnix Shared Resources<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f29\u5199\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
diff<\/th>\nDIFFerences<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
cal<\/td>\nCALendar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat<\/td>\nCATenate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ed<\/td>\nEDitor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
exec<\/td>\nEXECute<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tab<\/td>\nTABle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
regexp<\/td>\nREGular EXPression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u79cd\u7f29\u5199\u6bd4\u8f83\u6df1\u5165\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201cmesg\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u201cmessage\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7f29\u5199\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u6cbf\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f29\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
dmesg<\/th>\nDiagnostic MESsaGe<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
sed<\/td>\nStream EDitor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stty<\/td>\nSet TTY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fstab<\/td>\nFileSystem TABle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
passwd<\/td>\nPASSWorD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u7f29\u5199\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u201cg\u201d\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u201cGNU\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
awk<\/th>\nAho Weiberger and Kernighan<\/th>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
gawk<\/td>\nGNU AWK<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gpg<\/td>\nGNU Privacy Guard<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
grep<\/td>\nGNU Regular Expression Print<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
egrep<\/td>\nExtended GREP<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4ecea\u5230z<\/h2>\n
Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9009\u9879\u7e41\u590d\u5e9e\u6742\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u773c\u82b1\u7f2d\u4e71\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u5f80\u5f80\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u56f0\u96be<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
    -a<\/p>\n
    all : \u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u6240\u6709 (ls , lsattr , uname)archive : \u5b58\u6863 (cp , rsync)append : \u9644\u52a0 (tar -A , 7z)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -b<\/p>\n
    blocksize : \u5757\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570 (du , df)batch : \u6279\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f (\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u62e5\u6709\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982 top -b)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -c<\/p>\n
    commands : \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570 (bash , ksh , python)create : \u521b\u5efa (tar)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -d<\/p>\n
    debug : \u8c03\u8bd5delete : \u5220\u9664directory : \u76ee\u5f55 (ls)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -e<\/p>\n
    execute : \u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570 (xterm , perl)edit : \u7f16\u8f91exclude : \u6392\u9664<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -f<\/p>\n
    force : \u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u786e\u8ba4(cp , rm ,mv)file : \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570 (tar)configuration file : \u6307\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6(\u6709\u4e9b\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982 ssh , lighttpd)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -g<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -h<\/p>\n
    --help : \u5e2e\u52a9human readable : \u4eba\u6027\u5316\u663e\u793a(ls , du , df)headers : \u5934\u90e8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -i<\/p>\n
    interactive : \u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u793a(rm , mv)include : \u5305\u542b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -k<\/p>\n
    keep : \u4fdd\u7559kill<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -l<\/p>\n
    long listing format : \u957f\u683c\u5f0f(ls)list : \u5217\u8868load : \u8bfb\u53d6 (gcc , emacs)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -m<\/p>\n
    message : \u6d88\u606f (cvs)manual : \u624b\u518c (whereis)create home : \u521b\u5efa home \u76ee\u5f55 (usermod , useradd)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -n<\/p>\n
    number : \u884c\u53f7\u3001\u7f16\u53f7 (cat , head , tail , pstree , lspci)no : (useradd , make)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -o<\/p>\n
    output : \u8f93\u51fa (cc , sort)options : \u9009\u9879 (mount)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -p<\/p>\n
    port : \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570 (\u5f88\u591a\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u62e5\u6709\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982 ssh , lftp )protocol : \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570passwd : \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -q<\/p>\n
    quiet : \u9759\u9ed8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -r<\/p>\n
    reverse : \u53cd\u8f6crecursive : \u9012\u5f52 (cp , rm , chmod -R)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -s<\/p>\n
    silent : \u5b89\u9759size : \u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570subject<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -t<\/p>\n
    tagtype : \u7c7b\u578b (mount)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -u<\/p>\n
    user : \u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001UID\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -v<\/p>\n
    verbose : \u5197\u957fversion : \u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -w<\/p>\n
    width : \u5bbd\u5ea6warning : \u8b66\u544a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -x<\/p>\n
    exclude : \u6392\u9664 (tar , zip)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -y<\/p>\n
    yes<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    -z<\/p>\n
    zip : \u542f\u7528\u538b\u7f29 (bzip , tar , zcat , zip , cvs)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u65e0\u804a\u548c\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u7f6a\u6076 — Eric S. Raymond \u6784\u5efa\u4e8e\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9f20\u6807\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c \u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u5199\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u5168\u79f0\u2026\u2026 \u70b9\u51fb\u4e24...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux-gnu"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3969"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3971,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3969\/revisions\/3971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}