{"id":5159,"date":"2026-04-05T20:49:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T12:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=5159"},"modified":"2026-04-05T20:51:32","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T12:51:32","slug":"%e5%a4%87%e4%bb%bd%e5%92%8c%e6%81%a2%e5%a4%8dwsl%ef%bc%88windows-subsystem-for-linux%ef%bc%89%e5%ae%9e%e4%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=5159","title":{"rendered":"\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590dWSL\uff08Windows Subsystem for Linux\uff09\u5b9e\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u5907\u4efdWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4f60\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684WSL\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n

wsl --list --verbose<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
NAME                   STATE           VERSION\n* Debian               Running         2\nUbuntu                 Stopped         2<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b65\u9aa42\uff1a\u505c\u6b62WSL\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff08\u53ef\u9009\u4f46\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u5907\u4efd\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u505c\u6b62\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
wsl --terminate Debian  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b65\u9aa43\uff1a\u5bfc\u51fa\uff08\u5907\u4efd\uff09WSL\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\u4f7f\u7528<code>wsl --export<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a<code>.tar<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1awsl --export &lt;\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0&gt; &lt;\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&gt;\nwsl --export debian c:\\wsl_backups\\debian_$(Get-Date -Format &quot;yyyyMMdd&quot;).tar<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  • \u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ece<code>wsl --list<\/code>\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\uff08\u5982<code>Debian<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b58\u50a8\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u6b65\u9aa44\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    \u5907\u4efd\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u5927\u5c0f\u5408\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # \u67e5\u770b\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\nGet-Item D:\\WSL-Backups\\debian_*.tar | Select-Object Name, Length<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u6062\u590dWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a\u5bfc\u5165\uff08\u6062\u590d\uff09WSL\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528<code>wsl --import<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1awsl --import &lt;\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0&gt; &lt;\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55&gt; &lt;\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&gt; [--version &lt;WSL\u7248\u672c&gt;]\nwsl --import Debian-Restored c:\\WSL\\Debian c:\\WSL-Backups\\debian_*.tar --version 2<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \n
    • \u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0<\/strong>\uff1a\u6062\u590d\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u5982<code>Debian-Restored<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9aWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u9700\u662f\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • --version<\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9aWSL\u7248\u672c\uff081\u62162\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u539f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u6b65\u9aa42\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n
      wsl -d Debian-Restored<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6b65\u9aa43\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6062\u590d\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h4>\n
      \u5728\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6574\uff1a<\/p>\n
      # \u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\nls -la\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\ndpkg --list | head -20<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      1. \u5907\u4efd\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h4>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u5907\u4efd\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u5230Windows\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n
      # \u5728WSL\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230Windows\u76ee\u5f55\ncp -r \/home\/liang\/trae_projects \/mnt\/d\/backup\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
      2. \u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/h4>\n
      \u521b\u5efaPowerShell\u811a\u672c\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n
      # backup-wsl.ps1\n$distro = &quot;Debian&quot;\n$backupDir = &quot;C:\\WSL-Backups&quot;\n$timestamp = Get-Date -Format &quot;yyyyMMdd-HHmmss&quot;\n$backupFile = &quot;$backupDir\\$distro-backup-$timestamp.tar&quot;\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u5907\u4efd\u76ee\u5f55\nif (-not (Test-Path $backupDir)) {\n    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $backupDir -Force\n}\n\n# \u505c\u6b62\u5b9e\u4f8b\nwsl --terminate $distro\n\n# \u5bfc\u51fa\u5907\u4efd\nwsl --export $distro $backupFile\n\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\nif (Test-Path $backupFile) {\n    Write-Host &quot;\u5907\u4efd\u6210\u529f\uff1a$backupFile&quot;\n    Write-Host &quot;\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a$(Get-Item $backupFile).Length \/ 1GB GB&quot;\n} else {\n    Write-Host &quot;\u5907\u4efd\u5931\u8d25&quot;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n
      .\\backup-wsl.ps1<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. \u5907\u4efd\u524d\u6e05\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u524d\u5efa\u8bae\u6e05\u7406\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u786c\u76d8\u6216\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u6bcf\u5468\u6216\u6bcf\u6708\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u524d\u3002<\/li>\n
      4. \u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u786e\u4fddWSL\u7248\u672c\uff081\u62162\uff09\u4e0e\u539f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n
      5. \u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u6062\u590d\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u4e00\u3001\u5907\u4efdWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b \u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dWSL\u5b9e\u4f8b \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4f60\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684WSL\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u79f0\uff1a wsl –list –verbose \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a NAME STATE VERSION * Debian Ru...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux-gnu"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5159"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5161,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5159\/revisions\/5161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}