{"id":807,"date":"2010-03-18T11:29:36","date_gmt":"2010-03-18T03:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/blog\/?p=807"},"modified":"2010-03-18T11:29:36","modified_gmt":"2010-03-18T03:29:36","slug":"%e4%ba%ba%e7%b1%bb%e7%9a%84%e5%9d%9a%e5%bc%ba-%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e5%9b%ba%e6%89%a7%e7%9a%84%e7%9c%9f%e7%90%86%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b4%e9%9d%a2%e7%9a%84%e7%9c%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/?p=807","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u575a\u5f3a: \u9009\u62e9\u56fa\u6267\u7684\u771f\u7406,\u8fd8\u662f\u76f4\u9762\u7684\u771f\u7406?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u521b\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.liangliang.org.cn\/blog\">www.liangliang.org.cn\/blog<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.myliang.com\/blog\">www.myliang.com\/blog<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u8be5\u8bb2\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u542c.\u5b69\u5b50\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86.\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5c31\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u4f30\u91cf. <\/p>\n<p>e=mc^2 <\/p>\n<p>f=ma <\/p>\n<p>1+1=2 <\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u80de\u80ce\u6096\u8bba. <\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5feb\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6162. <\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5feb\u4f60\u5c31\u8d8a\u91cd. <\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f8e. <\/p>\n<p>\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7<\/p>\n<p>\u667a\u6167\u7684\u4eba\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7.\u300a\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u300b\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u83b7\u53d6\u7075\u611f\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u4e4b\u4e00. <\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6811\u53f6\u548c\u76ae\u7403\u7684\u843d\u5730\u662f\u6709\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u7684.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u79d1\u5b66.\u540e\u6765\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66.<\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u987f\u53d1\u73b0\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u725b\u987f\uff08Isaac 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1954\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u8f90\u5c04\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5efa\u6210\u4e8664\u4ebf\u7535\u5b50\u4f0f\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\u540c\u6b65\u7a33\u76f8\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5bfb\u627e\u53cd\u7c92\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u30021955\u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u4f2f\u4f26\u548c\u585e\u683c\u96f7\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf1000\u4ebf\u9ad8\u80fd\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u78b0\u649e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6781\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u30021955\u5e74\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6d4b\u523060\u4e2a\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5076\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u672c\u5e95\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u8bb0\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u867d\u4e0d\u7b97\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u8f83\u4e3a\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u53d1\u73b0\u53cd\u4e2d\u5b50\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ad8\u80fd\u7c92\u5b50\u6253\u9776\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u4e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u53cd\u4e2d\u5b50\u4e0d\u5e26\u7535\uff0c\u66f4\u96be\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u7c92\u5b50\u4e2d\u9274\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5229\u7528\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u78b0\u649e\uff0c\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8d28\u5b50\uff0c\u6216\u7531\u8d28\u5b50\u5904\u53d6\u5f97\u6b63\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8d28\u5b50\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u5219\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u53cd\u4e2d\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9c81\u6bd4\u4e9a\uff0cC.\u5728\u6b63\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u5bf9\u649e\u673a\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u51e0\u767e\u5409\u7535\u5b50\u4f0f\u7684\u5bf9\u649e\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u5f31\u7535\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u4f20\u529b\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u83b7\u5f971984\u5e74\u5ea6\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u91d1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d28\u5b50\u4e0e\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u76f8\u649e.\u7814\u7a76\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784. <\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u5fb7\u7ef4\u514b\u5229\u7528\u77f3\u8721\u53d1\u73b0\u8d28\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u6838. <\/p>\n<p>\u6069\u91cc\u514b\u8d39\u7c73 \u7528\u4e2d\u5b50\u6253\u51fb\u539f\u5b50.\u5f00\u62d3\u4e86\u6838\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8d85\u5bfc\u6750\u6599<\/p>\n<p>1909\u8377\u5170\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u672b\u6797\u00b7\u6602\u5185\u65af<\/p>\n<p>\u8377\u5170\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u30021853\u5e749\u670821\u65e5\u751f\u4e8e\u683c\u7f57\u5b81\u6839\uff0c\u5352\u4e8e1926\u5e742\u670821\u65e5\u30021879\u5e74\u83b7\u683c\u7f57\u5b81\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u30021882\u5e74\u4efb\u83b1\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u95fb\u540d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4f4e\u6e29\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u83b1\u987f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08\u540e\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u800c\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u5361\u672b\u6797\u00b7\u6602\u5185\u65af\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8be5\u6821\u4efb\u6559\u52301923\u5e74\u9000\u4f11\u3002\u5361\u672b\u6797\u00b7\u6602\u5185\u65af\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u4ece1877\u5e74\u7684\u6db2\u5316\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u7a7a\u6c14\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u30021906\u5e74\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6db2\u5316\u4e86\u6c22\u6c14\uff0c1908\u5e74\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u6db2\u5316\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u6c26\u6c14\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u7814\u7a76\u8f6c\u5411\u6d4b\u91cf\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u963b\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u30021911 \u5e74\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u6c34\u94f6\u57284.22\uff5e4.27K\u7684\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u7684\u7535\u963b\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u53c8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u79f0\u8fd9\u73b0\u8c61\u4e3a\u8d85\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u53c8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8d85\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u7535\u6d41\u548c\u4e34\u754c\u78c1\u573a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u7406\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5361\u672b\u6797\u00b7\u6602\u5185\u65af\u83b7\u5f971913\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u8d85\u5bfc.\u6e29\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u7535\u963b\u4e0b\u964d.\u7edd\u5bf9\u96f6\u5ea64.2\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a.\u6c34\u94f6\u7684\u7535\u963b\u4e3a0.\u6210\u4e3a\u8d85\u5bfc. <\/p>\n<p>D-0\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668(\u7c92\u5b50\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u8d39\u7c73\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4)<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u90e8\u6240\u5c5e<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ihep.ac.cn\/kejiyuandi\/qianyan\/accelerators\/fnal\/fnal-index.htm\">\u8d39\u7c73\u56fd\u5bb6\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a>\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec2004\u5e746\u670818\u65e5\u5bf9\u5916\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e9a\u539f\u5b50\u7c92\u5b50\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u9884\u6599\u5230\u7684\u65b0\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a&quot;\u91cd-\u8f7b&quot;\u4ecb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u4ecb\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5947\u5f02\u5938\u514b\u548c\u7cb2\u5938\u514b\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u7684\u4ecb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ihep.cas.cn\/kxcb\/khsl\/200910\/t20091010_2542632.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.ihep.cas.cn\/kxcb\/khsl\/200910\/t20091010_2542632.html<\/a> <\/p>\n<p>\u8d39\u7c73\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7c92\u5b50\u5bf9\u649e\u8d85\u5bfc\u6750\u6599\u5730\u4e0b9\u7c73\u8d28\u5b50\u548c\u53cd\u8d28\u5b50\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u52a0\u901f.\u96a7\u9053\u67096.4\u516c\u91cc.\u8d85\u5bfc\u4f53\u6beb\u65e0\u635f\u8017\u7684\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u6d41.\u901f\u5ea6\u63a5\u5149\u901f.<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86: <\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u8d28\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u5947\u602a\u7c92\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u9ed8\u91cc\u00b7\u76d6\u5c14\u66fc\u548cG.\u8328\u5a01\u683c<\/p>\n<p>1964\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u9ed8\u91cc\u00b7\u76d6\u5c14\u66fc\u548cG.\u8328\u5a01\u683c\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u5b50\u3001\u8d28\u5b50\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u5f3a\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5355\u5143\u2014\u2014Quark\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u5206\u6570\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7535\u91cf\u76842\/3\u6216-1\/3\u500d\uff0c\u81ea\u65cb\u4e3a1\/2\u3002\u3010\u5938\u514b\u4e00\u8bcd\u662f\u76d6\u5c14\u66fc\u53d6\u81ea\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u4e54\u57c3\u65af\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u82ac\u5c3c\u6839\u5f7b\u591c\u796d\u300b\u7684\u8bcd\u53e5\u201c\u4e3a\u9a6c\u514b\u68c0\u9605\u8005\u738b\uff0c\u4e09\u58f0\u5938\u514b\uff08Three quarks for Muster Mark\uff09\u201d\u3002\u5938\u514b\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d77\u9e1f\u7684\u53eb\u58f0\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u6700\u521d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u4e0d\u57fa\u672c\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7535\u8377\u975e\u6574\u6570\u201d\u7684\u5947\u7279\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b11\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u77eb\u9970\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u559c\u7231\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5766\u798f\u7ebf\u5f62\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08SLAC: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5766\u798f\u7ebf\u5f62\u52a0\u901f\u5668 \u7535\u5b50\u649e\u8d28\u5b50.\u53d1\u73b0\u4e863\u4e2a\u5938\u514b<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5766\u798f\u7ebf\u5f62\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u5fc3(SLAC)\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u9876\u5c16\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c1962\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u3002SLAC\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fa\u795e\u5165\u8bdd\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u5907\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7269\u7406\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u653e\u5c04\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u5938\u514b\u548c\u80f6\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>Gluon. \u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u9884\u8a00\u4f20\u9012\u5938\u514b(Quark)\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u51718\u79cd \uff0c\u9759\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u81ea\u65cb\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8272\u8377(Color Charge)\u3002\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u78c1\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u5149\u5b50\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff1b\u4e0e\u6b64\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8272\u8377\u7684\u5938\u514b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u80f6\u5b50\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u5149\u5b50\u4e0d\u5e26\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u653e\u51fa\u6216\u5438\u6536\u5149\u5b50\uff1b\u80f6\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u8272\u8377 \uff0c\u80f6\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u6709\u5f3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u80f6\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u653e\u51fa\u6216\u5438\u6536\u80f6\u5b50\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u8fd8\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u7531\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u80f6\u5b50\uff0c\u4f461968\u5e74\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u975e\u5f39\u6027\u6563\u5c04\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8d28\u5b50\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u70b9\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7531\u5e26\u7535\u7684\u70b9\u72b6\u7269\u8d28\u6240\u643a\u5e26\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u5219\u7531\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u65e0\u7535\u78c1\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ec4\u5206\u6240\u643a\u5e26\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5938\u514b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e26\u7535\u7684\u70b9\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5938\u514b\uff0c\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u80f6\u5b50\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u80f6\u5b50\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u30021979\u5e74\u5728\u9ad8\u80fd\u6b63\u8d1f\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u649e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e09\u55b7\u6ce8\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u80f6\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u80f6\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f20\u9012\u5f3a\u6838\u529b\u7684\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u628a\u5938\u514b\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f62\u6210\u8d28\u5b50\u3001\u4e2d\u5b50\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5f3a\u5b50\u3002\u80f6\u5b50\u7684\u7535\u8377\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u65cb\u662f 1\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u65e0\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5927\u81f3\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u7535\u5b50\u4f0f\u7279\uff08MeV\uff09\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u80f6\u5b50\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7a4f\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u8272\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff08QCD\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5e7f\u4e3a\u63a5\u53d7\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f3a\u6838\u529b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e24\u9897\u7c92\u5b50\u8272\u8377\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\u4fbf\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6362\u80f6\u5b50\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u9897\u5938\u514b\u4ea4\u6362\u80f6\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u4ea6\u540c\u4f1a\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\uff1b\u80f6\u5b50\u4f1a\u643a\u5e26\u53d1\u51fa\u8005\u7684\u53cd\u8272\u5f69\u4ee5\u8865\u507f\u53d1\u51fa\u8005\u7684\u8272\u53d8\uff0c\u5b83\u4ea6\u4f1a\u643a\u5e26\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u56e0\u80f6\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u8272\uff0c\u6545\u5b83\u4eec\u4ea6\u80fd\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u80f6\u5b50\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee4\u5230\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f3a\u6838\u529b\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u5341\u5206\u590d\u6742\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6c49\u5821\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u7535\u5b50\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff08DESY\uff09\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7535\u5b50-\u6b63\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u5668\uff08Large electron-positron collider\uff0cPETRA\uff09\u51ed\u4e00\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u55b7\u6d41\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u80f6\u5b50\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u5176\u7b2c\u4e09\u55b7\u6d41\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u7684\u5938\u514b\u53d1\u51fa\u80f6\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u516b\u79cd\u80f6\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u8272\u8377\uff0c\u6545\u5e94\u6709\u4e5d\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80f6\u5b50\uff1a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u82e5\u7531\u6570\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\u5219\u80f6\u5b50\u5e94\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u591a\u79cd\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e5d\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 \u7b49\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u65e0\u8272\u91cd\u5b50\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6027\u8d28\u5fc5\u7136\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u91cd\u5b50\u4fbf\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u5c04\u80f6\u5b50\u6765\u5229\u7528\u5f3a\u6838\u529b\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u56e0\u80f6\u5b50\u518d\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u6027\u72ec\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6545\u53ea\u6709\u516b\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u80f6\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u822c\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u80f6\u5b50\u5171\u6709\u516b\u79cd\u201d\u3002 \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e9a\u539f\u5b50.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e9a\u539f\u5b50(\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f9d\u7136\u575a\u6301\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8001\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u53d7\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4e9a\u539f\u5b50\u7c92\u5b50\u662f\u6307\u6bd4\u539f\u5b50\u8fd8\u5c0f\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u4e2d\u5b50\u3001\u8d28\u5b50\u3001\u4ecb\u5b50\u3001\u5938\u514b\u3001\u80f6\u5b50\u3001\u5149\u5b50\u7b49\u7b49\u3002) <\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86.\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u725b\u987f\u7684\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u78c1\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u5f3a\u6838\u529b(\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u529b.\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9)&#160; <\/p>\n<p>\u5f31\u6838\u529b(\u70ed\u80fd) <\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u56db\u79cd\u529b,\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u529b?<\/p>\n<p>\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u6839\u672c\u529b:\u5f15\u529b\u3001\u5f3a\u6838\u529b\u3001\u5f31\u6838\u529b, \u548c\u7535\u78c1\u529b\u6210\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u4f7f\u7535\u78c1\u529b\u548c\u5f31\u6838\u529b\u6210\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u5f31\u4f5c\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5728\u4f7f\u9664\u4e86\u5f15\u529b\u6240\u6709\u529b\u91cf\u6210\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u7ed3\u5408\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u91cd\u529b\u5b66\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u970d\u91d1\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u5df2\u653e\u5f03\u5bf9\u201c\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff08theory of everything\uff09\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u5728\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u201c\u4e07\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u5bb6\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14\u66fe\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u4efb\u4e00\u5f62\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u77db\u76fe\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4efb\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u771f\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bf9\u77db\u76fe\u547d\u9898\u4e2d\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u771f\u547d\u9898. <\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3. \u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6d4b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u6d4b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u539f\u7406\u8ba9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6781\u81f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6. <\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u8def? <\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u56fa\u6267\u7684\u771f\u7406,\u8fd8\u662f\u76f4\u9762\u7684\u771f\u7406? \u4eba\u7c7b\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u5426\u5982\u6b64\u575a\u5f3a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb?\u8fd8\u662f\u2026..<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599:<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86\" href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86\">http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-cn\/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u521b\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u51fa\u5904: www.liangliang.org.cn\/blog www.myliang.com\/blog &#160; 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