修改debian默认运行级别

众所周知debian9和debian8已经用systemd的targets代替了原有的/etc/inittab文件,用户已无法通过更改/etc/inittab来实现更改默认运行级。修改默认桌面可通过使用systemctl命令或创建一个运行级targets文件的软链接的方式来实现。
       首先需切换到root用户下。

                su -

方法一:(通过命令来切换)

1.查看当前的运行级

# systemctl get-default
graphical.target
 
2.查看可供替换的运行级

# systemctl list-units --type=target
UNIT                   LOAD   ACTIVE SUB    DESCRIPTION
basic.target           loaded active active Basic System
cryptsetup.target      loaded active active Encrypted Volumes
getty.target           loaded active active Login Prompts
graphical.target       loaded active active Graphical Interface
local-fs-pre.target    loaded active active Local File Systems (Pre)
local-fs.target        loaded active active Local File Systems
multi-user.target      loaded active active Multi-User System
network-online.target  loaded active active Network is Online
network.target         loaded active active Network
nss-user-lookup.target loaded active active User and Group Name Lookups
paths.target           loaded active active Paths
remote-fs.target       loaded active active Remote File Systems
slices.target          loaded active active Slices
sockets.target         loaded active active Sockets
sound.target           loaded active active Sound Card
swap.target            loaded active active Swap
sysinit.target         loaded active active System Initialization
time-sync.target       loaded active active System Time Synchronized
timers.target          loaded active active Timers

LOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.

3.替换默认运行级

# systemctl set-default multi-user.target (替换为多用户文本)

方法二(创建软链接来替换)

# ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target /lib/systemd/system/default.target